In this episode of Patch Me If You Can™, Ralph Pyne, CISO at Apollo.io, reveals why traditional security approaches are failing in the age of AI and citizen developers.

Ralph shares hard-won insights from building zero-to-one security programs at high-growth startups, including why the principle of least privilege access is fundamentally broken and how AI is making most security controls obsolete.

Ralph discusses topics such as the explosive growth of citizen developers using AI coding tools and the security challenges this creates when thousands of single-use apps can emerge across an organization in months, as well as his contrarian view that security teams need to assume failure and move toward statistical models similar to fraud prevention, rather than trying to achieve perfect access controls.

The conversation covers practical strategies in areas such as building security programs that accelerate rather than slow down business growth, and making security training and policies more human-centered and consumable.