In this episode of LIXIL Facets of Design, host Paul Flowers, Chief Design & Brand Identity Officer and Executive Vice President at LIXIL, welcomes internationally acclaimed Japanese architect Kengo Kuma, founder of Kengo Kuma & Associates.

From the childhood memories that first sparked his fascination with architecture to the experiences that shaped his philosophy of “Defeated Architecture,” Kuma reflects on the ideas, materials, and encounters that continue to influence his work.

Kuma shares how observing Japan’s rapid transformation, travelling through the Sahara Desert, and encountering the architecture of Frank Lloyd Wright changed his perspective on the relationship between buildings and their surroundings. He discusses his enduring connection to natural materials such as wood, bamboo, and stone, the importance of physically experiencing a site, and how architecture can encourage a dialogue between people and nature.

The conversation also explores landmark projects including the Japan National Stadium, Nezu Museum, V&A Dundee, and his 2025 Osaka-Kansai Expo pavilion, as well as his collaborations beyond architecture.