In this full special episode, we’re excited to present an extraordinary conversation of legendary physicist Edward Witten — a rare deep dive into the grand arc of modern physics, from its historical foundations to the unresolved questions that still challenge our understanding of the universe.

In this wide-ranging interview (originally recorded elsewhere and featured here with permission), Witten guides listeners through the evolution of physics — from Newton’s classical laws and Maxwell’s unification of electricity and magnetism, to Einstein’s revolutionary ideas on space and time, and Dirac’s prediction of antimatter. These moments mark the birth of quantum mechanics and general relativity — two towering theories that, despite their success, remain fundamentally incompatible.

Witten explains where that inconsistency lies, especially in four-dimensional spacetime, where the nonlinear nature of gravity clashes with the framework of quantum field theory. From early particle accelerator experiments in the 1950s to the surprising discovery of parity violation and fundamental asymmetries in nature, this episode traces the journey through physics’ most transformative moments.

The conversation then shifts to one of the most ambitious theoretical frameworks of our time: String Theory. Witten recounts its unexpected origin, its rise through the Superstring Revolutions, the role of extra dimensions, and the elegant but sometimes controversial path it has taken. He also dives into current updates, unresolved questions, and how new ideas like holography are reshaping our understanding of space, time, and information.

Whether you’re a physicist, a student, or simply someone who loves hearing great minds tackle the deepest mysteries of reality, this episode is a must-listen.

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